Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

• Mazhar Babaee ¹
• sariye Najari ²
• Jabar Saleh ³

¹ Department of Educational Sciences, Farhangian University, P.O. Box 14665-889, Tehran, Iran.

² Bachelor of Science in Torbati, Farhangian University, PO Box: 889-14665, Tehran: Iran.

³ Department of Psychology and Counseling, , Farhangian University, P.O. Box 14665-889, Tehran, Iran. (Corresponding Author

Abstract

The purpose of the present study was to analyze and explain the causes, consequences, and coping strategies related to school staff violence in interactions with elementary school students in the city of Sanandaj. The study was conducted within a critical paradigm, employing a qualitative approach and utilizing conceptual analysis and situational assessment as an evaluative research strategy. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews using convenience sampling among teachers in Kurdistan Province. The findings emerged in four stages. In the first stage, conceptualization and explanation of violence, violence was defined as a set of overt and covert verbal, psychological, and physical actions that are reproduced within power relations and institutional norms of the school to control and coerce students. In the second stage (causes of violence), ten components were identified, including teachers’ psychological pressures, lack of communication skills, familial and social factors, generational gaps, enforcement of compliance with rules, behavioral control, exertion of power, coercion toward academic performance, and punishment for teaching discipline and responsibility. In the third stage, consequences, seven components were extracted, including increased anxiety and stress, reduced motivation and concentration, academic underachievement, fear and distrust toward school, aggressive behaviors, and physical and psychological harm. In the fourth stage strategies, training in anger management and classroom management skills, creating a supportive educational environment, strengthening home–school interaction, and employing educational counselors were proposed

Keywords

• consequences of violence
• school staff violence
• strategies for reducing violence
• causes of the use of violence

Main Subjects

• School counselor